Want Smooth Muscle? You’ll Need Some miR-145July 8, 2009OK, maybe you won’t find a bottle of miR-145 at the juice bar of your local gym anytime soon, but a paper published recently in Nature says that miR-145 is all you really need to turn mouse cardiac progenitor cells into smooth muscle. What’s more, both miR-145 and miR-143 team up to regulate a smooth […]
Wounds Make Polycomb Group Proteins (PcGs) SkedaddleJuly 7, 2009Ouch! Skinned knees and paper cuts are a fact of life—we’ve certainly had our share. But we’d never wondered what was going on in those wounds, unlike Paul Martin and Tanya Shaw at the University of Bristol. They have realized that wound healing is similar to embryogenesis, a process in which epigenetic mods are commonplace. […]
DNA Methylation and HIV LatencyJuly 1, 2009You’d think keeping HIV from replicating was a good thing, and it is … unless you’re trying to eradicate the virus. One of the world’s most elusive viruses is an expert at maintaining a low profile, laying dormant in CD4+ cells even during highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART). A team of American and Swedish researchers […]
HIV’s RISC-y BehaviorJuly 1, 2009There’s nothing restricting miRNAs to targeting just endogenous mRNAs. So it’s no surprise to find that expression of miR-29a – which targets the 3’UTR of HIV-1 mRNA — increases during HIV infection. Researchers from U Mass Med School in Worchester, and the Burnham Institute for Medical Research in La Jolla, found that HIV mRNA hangs […]
Lincd In: Large Intervening Non-Coding RNAs Expand their NetworksJune 25, 2009Last February, a team of standouts from the publication factory in Boston (aka Broad Institute), published work highlighting over 1,500 previously un-annotated genomic sequences that housed large intervening non-coding RNAs known as lincRNAs. These transcripts showed similar expression patterns as mRNA and they exhibited more conservation than neutral sequences, indicating they were probably functional, but […]
Imprints Can Be a Real TurnoffJune 24, 2009For at least 100 genes, only one of its alleles can be expressed right from the get-go while the other allele is shut down. This imprinted pattern remains throughout development. While cis-acting epigenetic elements have been implicated in the process, the research community doesn’t have enough evidence to conclusively pin the blame on any one. […]
tasiRNAs Get the Word OutJune 24, 2009Spreading gossip around the water cooler is OK, but some news just has to be shouted from the mountaintops. These days, that means it’ll be posted to our blog, Twitter feed, and Facebook status box. Researchers at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Institut des Sciences du Végétal, and Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes report […]
DZNep Hints At New Wave Of Epigenetic Cancer TherapiesJune 15, 2009Although it may sound like the name of a DJ in a Vegas nightclub, DZNep is actually a histone methylation inhibitor, and has recently created some buzz when it was found to inhibit H3K27 and H4K20 methylation and reactivate silenced genes in cancer cells. Sensing the therapeutic possibilities, Peter Jones and his team at USC […]
If You Can’t Be With the One You Target, Target the One You’re WithJune 11, 2009It’s not news that miRNAs are out of whack in cancers. So it shouldn’t be surprising that re-expressing an oncogene-targeting miRNA might halt tumor progression. But what if the miR didn’t even have to target a specific oncogene to show off its anti-proliferative mojo? Son and father research duo (we’re pretty sure they dominated the […]
Methylation and HDAC Inhibitors Rouse Cancer-Fighting miRNAs into ActionJune 11, 2009Recent advances in epigenetic therapy are promising, but their mechanisms of action and impact elsewhere in the epigenome remain a bit of a mystery. Armed with microarrays and ChIP assays, a talented team of Japanese researchers took a closer look at these approaches and found DNA methylation inhibitors and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors kill gastric […]