Vitamin C Helps Cells Get their 5hmC OnApril 9, 2013Pass the SunnyD. According to a paper just out in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, may have a role in epigenetic regulation, specifically 5-hmC regulation. Gaofeng Wang at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and colleagues demonstrated that this critical dietary nutrient is involved in hydroxylation […]
Global Chromatin Dynamics Key in Stem Cell DifferentiationApril 5, 2013Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are experts are keeping their options open, and now a scientist reports how—it turns out that Oct-4 keeps chromatin in the right state to maintain pluripotency. In a single-author paper, Xuejun Parsons, who is at the San Diego Regenerative Medicine Institute and Xcelthera, lays it all out. She’d developed a […]
DNA Methylation Covers Up Potential Polycomb Binding SitesApril 3, 2013Just like a bossy older sister, DNA methylation tells the Polycomb complex where it can and cannot bind. That’s the gist of a recent paper showing that removing DNA methylation actually frees up the Polycomb machinery to bind to new places, changing gene expression. DNA methylation is linked to Polycomb repression, but the question of […]
MethylEdge™: Bisulfite Conversion without FragmentationMarch 27, 2013Bisulfite conversion kits for DNA methylation studies are notorious for causing high levels of sample DNA fragmentation. What a pain. You may as well be flushing a portion of your hard-won samples down the sink. And the only way around it is to start off with more sample in the first place, which seriously limits […]
HpaII and MspI Strike Again in 5hmC Sequencing with HMST-SeqMarch 24, 2013It’s hard to tell some things apart—for instance, with her new haircut, Miley Cyrus could almost be mistaken for Pink. Well, almost. Anyhow, if you’re trying to tell 5-methylcytosines (5-mCs) from 5-hydroxymethylcytosines (5-hmCs) from each other, you’re in luck because there’s a new method for that—one that’s inexpensive and selective. Sure, some methods for doing […]
DNA Methylation Tells Splicing Machinery Where to CutMarch 21, 2013In a recent paper, researchers say that DNA methylation, nucleosomes, and the “GC architecture” of an exon and its flanking introns may actually act as a big “cut here” sign stuck to the DNA or RNA to show where splicing is supposed to happen. Evidence that DNA methylation and nucleosomes are linked to splicing has […]
Chromatin Modifications in EnhancersMarch 20, 2013Enhancers serve as distal regulators of gene expression, but insights into the precise mechanisms of enhancer chromatin modifications are still lacking. In this recent review, Calo and Wysocka summarized various enhancer-associated modifications and propose how these modifications regulate enhancer activity during development. Here are some of the key topics discussed: The Enhancer Chromatin Landscape Enhancers […]
The 3D Genome: A Review into Genomic Organization and its Key PlayersMarch 20, 2013Our genome is not linear. Nope, it’s a three-dimensional labyrinth of regulatory nooks and crannies . Gibcus and Dekker recently published this free review that looks at the spatial hierarchy of genomic organization and how it modulates gene expression. This is a great resource for those of you looking to beef up your understanding of […]
Engineering (Epi)Genomes with CRISPR-CasMarch 14, 2013To really figure out what genes really do, you gotta get in there and get your hands dirty. That usually means deleting or modifying genes, or other regulatory regions. In a recent “Research Highlight” article, researchers at Johns Hopkins reviewed the three main ways to do this, including the increasingly popular CRISPR/Cas system. To engineer […]
DNA Methylation in Cancer Goes the Distance via EnhancersMarch 14, 2013We like having all the important things close by—a stash of chocolate, a latte, and the remote control. But sometimes important things are far away. Take enhancers, for example. Enhancers are often pretty far from the genes whose transcription they are “enhancing.” And now, it turns out that DNA methylation at these enhancers can affect […]